Biomedical Science Doctorate Researches Sembung Leaf Extract Nanoparticles to Suppress Inflammation and Protect Pancreatic Beta Cells at Risk of Diabetes Caused by a High-Sugar and Fat Diet

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• Senin, 16 Maret 2026
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Biomedical Science Doctorate Researches Sembung Leaf Extract Nanoparticles to Suppress Inflammation and Protect Pancreatic Beta Cells at Risk of Diabetes Caused by a High-Sugar and Fat Diet

Held in the Dr. A.A. Made Djelantik Meeting Room, 4th Floor, Faculty of Medicine Building, Jl. PB Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali, the Biomedical Science Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, held an open doctoral promotion examination with Ni Putu Widya Astuti, S.Si., M.Si., as the candidate. with the title "Mechanism of the Effect of Sembung Leaf (Blumea balsamifera L.) Nanoparticle Extract on Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, Interleukin 6, Nuclear Factor Kappa B, and Pancreatic Beta Cell Count in Wistar Rats Fed a High-Fructose and Fat Diet." (10/3/2026)

Sembung leaf (Blumea balsamifera L.) extract contains secondary metabolites of the flavonoid group, namely quercetin and rutin, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Flavonoid metabolism in the body is rapid, resulting in low absorption in the digestive tract. Therefore, the encapsulation process of sembung leaf extract is necessary to increase the stability of flavonoid metabolism. This study aims to determine the characteristics of sembung leaf extract nanoparticles and the effect of administration on TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB levels, and pancreatic beta cell count.

The study used a descriptive design with a randomized posttest-only control group design. The characteristics of the Sembung leaf extract nanoparticles were analyzed using % EE, PDI, zeta potential, and particle size for all formulas. Analysis was performed using FT-IR, FE SEM-EDX, and TEM for formula five. In vivo testing used Wistar rats divided into five groups. The inflammatory markers tested in this study were TNF-α, Il-6, NF-κB levels, and the number of pancreatic beta cells.

The characteristics of the Sembung leaf extract nanoparticles were: % EE = 100%, particle size 560.6 ± 13.97, and zeta potential 29.69 ± 0.27. FT-IR showed interactions between nanometals and organic compounds, resulting in stretching and a spectrum shift. FE-SEM showed the formation of crystals, with EDX showing the addition of C and O atoms. TEM analysis showed a spherical image with a clear and slightly bright diffusion ring, indicating the presence of crystals.

The effect of sembung leaf nanoparticles on the inflammatory process through biomarkers TNF-α, Il-6, NF-κB, and pancreatic beta cell counts showed that the levels of TNF-α, Il-6, and NF-κB in Wistar rats fed a high-fructose and fat diet after administration of sembung leaf nanoparticle extract were lower than in the negative control group, while the number of pancreatic β cells was higher compared to the negative control group.

This examination was led by the Coordinator of the Doctoral Study Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Prof. Dr. dr. Desak Made Wihandani, M.Kes., with the following examiners:

1. Prof. Dr. Ir. Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba, M.Phil. (Promoter)

2. Prof. Dr. dr. I Made Sudarmaja, M.Kes. (Co-Promoter I)

3. Dr. Anak Agung Bawa Putra, S.Si., M.Si. (Co-Promoter II)

4. Prof. Dr. dr. I Made Jawi, M.Kes.

5. Prof. Dr. dr. I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa, M.Sc

6. Prof. Dr. Ir. Sri Wahjuni, M. Kes

7. Prof. Dr. Dra. Ida Ayu Raka Astiti Asih, M.Sc

8.Dr. Dr. I Nyoman Wande, S.Ked., Sp.PK(K)

9.Dr. Dr. I Wayan Suranadi, Sp.AnTI., Subsp.T.I.(K)

10.Dr. I Gede Widhiantara, S.Si., M. Biomed

By academic invitation:

1.Dr. Dr. Made Nyandra, Sp.KJ., M.Repro., FIAS

2.Dr. Dr. Putu Asih Primatanti, Sp.KJ

2.Dr. I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra, S.Si., M.Sc

3.Dr. Dr. I Wayan Surudarma, M.Sc

5.Dr. Dra. Ida Ayu Alit Widhiartini, Apt., M.Si.

During this examination, Dr. Ni Putu Widya Astuti, S.Si., M.Si., was declared the 486th graduate of the Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, with the distinction of Cum Laude.

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