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Doctor of Medicine Studies the Potential of Black Cumin Seed Gel to Reduce Bone Damage Caused by Periodontitis
Doctor of Medicine Studies the Potential of Black Cumin Seed Gel to Reduce Bone Damage Caused by Periodontitis
Held in the Postgraduate Hall on the 3rd Floor of the Postgraduate Building, Udayana University, the Doctor of Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, held an open doctoral promotion examination with Drg. Kadek Lusi Ernawati, M.Biomed., as the candidate for the promotion, entitled "The Effect of Black Cumin Seed Extract Gel (Nigella Sativa) on Malondialdehyde Levels, Matrix Metalloprotease 8 Expression, Transforming Growth Factor Beta Expression, and Osteoblast Cell Count in the Alveolar Bone of Periodontitis-Deficient Wistar Rats." (August 5, 2025)
Periodontitis is an oral disease characterized by gingival infection that damages the soft tissue and destroys the bone that supports the teeth. Periodontitis can lead to tooth loosening or even tooth loss. Periodontitis therapy currently involves mechanical tooth cleaning and antibiotic administration. Systemic antibiotic administration is detrimental due to its distribution to other parts of the body that do not require it. Black cumin seed extract containing thymoquinone, fixed oil, and its derivatives has been found to exhibit broad-spectrum pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effect of black cumin in suppressing periodontitis infection by reducing oxidative stress and acting as an immunomodulator by examining MDA levels, MMP-8 expression, TGFβ expression, and osteoblast cell count.
This was a true experimental study using a randomized posttest control group design. Twenty-seven Wistar rats with periodontitis were divided into three groups: a negative control group (treatment group) with placebo gel applied to the rats' gingiva; a positive control group (oral administration of metronidazole); and a treatment group (treatment group) with black cumin extract gel applied to the rats' gingiva. MDA was examined using an ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) on blood samples taken infraorbitally on day 14. MMP 8 expression was examined using immunohistochemistry (IHK) from the mandibular gingiva of anterior teeth on day 28, and TGf beta was examined using immunohistochemistry (IHK) from the anterior mandibular alveolar bone on day 28. Osteoblast cells were examined using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining from the anterior mandibular alveolar bone on day 28.
The results of this study showed a significantly different mean MDA level, as indicated by the mean MDA level in group P, the treatment group administering black cumin extract gel to the gingiva of mice. P < K1, where K1 was the positive control group administered oral metronidazole antibiotics. And K1 < K0, where K0 was the negative control group administered placebo gel to the gingiva of mice. MMP 8 observations in the three groups were significantly different, as indicated by a p-value of 0.024 (p-value < 0.05). Mean MMP 8 expression in the P
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