Medical Science Doctoral Promotion Exam Reveals Genetic Diversity of Taenia Saginata in Bali

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• Selasa, 9 Juli 2024
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Located in the Postgraduate Hall room, Lt. III of the Udayana University Postgraduate Building, a Doctoral Promotion examination was held with the promovendus candidate, dr. I Kadek Swastika, S.Ked., M.Kes, with the dissertation title "Molecular Identification of Taenia Species and Genetic Diversity of Taenia saginata from Bali Based on Mitochondrial DNA Markers of the Cytochrome C Oxidase Sub-Unit I (COI) Gene". (9/7/2024)

Taeniasis is caused by three Taenia species, namely: Taenia solium, Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica. Morphological identification is difficult to distinguish between Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica species. MPCR molecular identification can distinguish the three Taenia species. Understanding the genetic population structure of the parasite helps explain parasite transmission patterns and develop control measures. This study aims to analyze the demographic characteristics of taeniasis patients and Taenia species in Bali and prove the existence of genetic diversity in Taenia saginata in Bali based on mitochondrial DNA markers of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI).

This study was an observational study using an analytic cross-sectional design. Taenia proglotids obtained from patients with taeniasis were examined molecularly by mPCR method. PCR results were sequenced. Genetic diversity of Taenia saginata in Bali was analyzed based on polymorphic sites (S), number of haplotypes (h), nucleotide diversity (π) and haplotype diversity (hd).

A total of 34 Taenia proglotids obtained from 34 patients with taeniasis in 5 regencies / cities in Bali Province were subjected to molecular examination (mPCR). The mean age of patients was (41.79 ± 15.16) years, children to the elderly who eat raw or undercooked processed beef/pork have the same risk of developing taeniasis. Most of the patients were male (85.3%). Most cases were found in Gianyar Regency, 73.5%.

Based on mPCR examination using primers from the three Taenia species, only Taenia saginata and Taenia solium were confirmed. Sequence analysis of Taenia saginata in Bali proved the existence of genetic diversity based on 13 haplotypes (h), 16 (0.99%) polymorphic sites (S), haplotype diversity (hd) 0.823 and nucleotide diversity (π) 0.0015. Analysis of Taenia saginata in Asia obtained from GenBank and Taenia saginata from Bali also showed genetic diversity.

Although the haplotypes of Taenia saginata from Bali show genetic diversity, Taenia saginata in Bali still shows closeness to the Asian haplotypes. Thus it is thought that Taenia saginata in Bali originally came from the mainland of the Asian continent. This research proves and is the first report on the genetic diversity of Taenia saginata in Bali.

The examination was chaired by the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University Prof. Dr. Komang Januartha Putra Pinatih, M.Kes, with a team of examiners:

1. Prof. Dr. drh. I Nyoman Sadra Dharmawan, MS (Promoter)

2. Dr. dr. I Made Sudarmaja, M.Kes (Copromoter I)

3. Dr. dr. A.A. Ngurah Jaya Kusuma, Sp.OG (K) MARS (Kopromotor II)

4. Prof. Dr. dr. I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa, M.Si

5. Prof. Dr. dr. I Made Jawi, M.Kes

6. Prof. dr. I Made Ady Wirawan, S.Ked, MPH, Ph.D.

7. Dr. rer. nat. dr. Ni Nyoman Ayu Dewi, M.Si

8. Dr. dr. Desak Made Wihandani, M.Kes

9. Dr. dr. Ida Ayu Ika Wahyuniari, M.Kes

10. dr. I Wayan Sumardika, S.Ked., M.Med.Ed., Ph.D.

While the academic invitees are:

1. dr. Made Winarsa Ruma, S.Ked., Ph.D.

2. Dr. dr. Made Agus Hendrayana, M.Ked.

3. dr. Agus Eka Darwinata, S.Ked.,Ph.D

4. Dr. dr. Putu Ayu Asri Damayanti, M.Kes

5. Dr. dr. Ni Made Susilawathi, Sp.S(K)

In this exam, Dr. dr. I Kadek Swastika, S.Ked., M.Kes, was declared to have passed as the 423rd Doctoral Graduate of the Doctoral Degree of Medical Sciences Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University with the title of CUMLAUDE.

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