Doctor of Medical Sciences Researches the Potential of Earthworm Extract Nano Gel in Treating Periodontitis

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• Senin, 29 Juli 2024
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Doctor of Medical Sciences Researches the Potential of Earthworm Extract Nano Gel in Treating Periodontitis

Located in the Postgraduate Hall, 3rd Floor, Postgraduate Building, Udayana University, a Doctoral Promotion exam was held with the candidate for promovenda, drg. Ni Wayan Arni Sardi, M.Biomed., with the dissertation title "The Effect of Earthworm Extract Nano Gel (Lumbricus rubellus) on Malondialdehyde, FOXO3A and BCL-2 in the Gingiva of Male Wistar Rats with Periodontitis." (7/29/2024)

Periodontitis is an inflammation of the tooth-supporting tissue that begins with inflammation of the gingiva and spreads to the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, which can cause tooth loss. Lipopolysaccharides from Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria induce inflammation by activating neutrophils and stimulating the host response so that cytokines and other chemical mediators are released which cause the formation of free radicals. Excessive free radicals can cause oxidative stress and cell damage. One of the markers of oxidative stress is Malondialdehyde (MDA) which is the end product of lipid peroxidation. Forkhead Box Protein 3a (FOXO3a) plays a role in protecting cells from oxidative stress by regulating apoptosis activity through the JNK mechanism, so that FOXO3a induces Bim and suppresses BCL-2 levels so that apoptosis occurs.

Oxidative stress can be overcome by administering antioxidants, in this study using nano gel extract of earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) a local Balinese genus that has an antioxidant effect. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of nano gel extract of earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) on oxidative stress and apoptosis in periodontal tissue. This experimental study was conducted with a randomized post-test only control group design. Using 16 male Wistar rats that were made periodontitis by induction of P. gingivalis bacteria in the labial sulcus of the lower anterior teeth. The mice were divided into 4 groups, namely the control group, the treatment group given 15%, 35% and 50% earthworm extract nano gel. The extract was given twice a day for 7 days, then the rat gingiva was decapitated on the 8th day.

The results showed a significant difference in MDA levels (p = 0.00) and BCL-2 (p = 0.00), where p < 0.05 and no significant difference in FOXO3a levels (p = 0.08) where p> 0.05. Based on this study, it can be concluded that earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) nano extract gel has an antioxidant effect by decreasing MDA levels and a pro-apoptotic effect by decreasing BCL-2 levels, so it can be used as an alternative treatment for periodontitis.

This examination was led by the Coordinator of the Doctoral Study Program in Medical Sciences, FK Unud, Prof. Dr. dr. I Made Jawi, M.Kes., with the examining team:

1. Prof. Dr. dr. I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa, M.Si (Promoter) 2. Prof. Dr. Dr. I Made Jawi, M.Kes (Copromoter I) 3. Prof. drh. I Nyoman Mantik Astawa, Ph.D (Copromotor II) 4. Prof. Dr. Ir. Ni Luh Kartini, MS 5. Dr. Dr. Sianny Herawati, Sp.PK., Subsp.BDKT(K), Subsp.NR(K) 6. Dr. Dr. Ni Made Linawati, M.Si 7. Dr. Dr. I Nyoman Wande, S.Ked., Sp.PK(K) 8. Dr. Drg. Dewa Made Wedagama, Sp.KG., FICD 9. Dr. Mochammad Taha Ma'ruf, drg., M. Erg 10. Dr. apt. Ketut Agus Adrianta, S.Farm., M.Biomed

While the academic invitations are:

1. Dr. dr. I Wayan Gede Jayanegara, Sp.M(K)

2. Dr. dr. Made Agus Hendrayana, M.Ked

3. Dr. dr. I Wayan Sugiritama, M.Kes

4. Dr. dr. Luh Nyoman Alit Aryani, Sp.KJ(K)

5. dr. Agus Eka Darwinata, S.Ked., Ph.D

In this exam, Dr. drg. Ni Wayan Arni Sardi, M.Biomed., was declared to have passed as the 433rd Graduate Doctor Degreeof the Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University with the predicate VERY SATISFACTORY.

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