Preclinical Research in Doctoral Studies Reveals the Significant Potential of Local Probiotics for Allergy Prevention

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• Selasa, 9 Desember 2025
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Preclinical Research in Doctoral Studies Reveals the Significant Potential of Local Probiotics for Allergy Prevention

Held in the Dr. A.A. Made Djelantik Meeting Room, Fourth Floor, Faculty of Medicine Building, Jl. PB Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali, the Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, held an open doctoral promotion examination with Dr. Komang Ayu Witarini, Sp.A., SubSp.AIR(K), as the candidate. The title was "The Effect of Lacticaseibacillus Rhamnosus SKG34 Probiotic Administration on Levels of Interleukin-4, Transforming Growth Factor Beta, Interferon Gamma, and Ovalbumin-Specific Immunoglobulin E in Mus musculus BALB/c Mice as an Allergy Model." (December 5, 2025)

Active induction of immunological tolerance is a promising strategy for allergy prevention. Probiotics have been shown to induce immune system tolerance, but research on native Indonesian probiotic isolates in this area is still very limited. This study evaluated the effect of administering L. rhamnosus SKG34, a probiotic isolate native to Indonesia, on reducing ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic reactions by modulating the balance of Th1, Treg, and Th2, characterized by decreased levels of IL-4 and OVA-specific IgE, and increased levels of TGF-β and IFN-γ.

The study used a randomized post-test only control group design. A total of 44 male Mus musculus BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. The treatment group received allergy sensitization and oral probiotic L. rhamnosus SKG34 from days 0 to 23. Allergy sensitization was performed by intraperitoneal administration of 10 μg OVA in 2% Al(OH)3 on days 0 and 7, followed by intranasal administration of 10 μg OVA on days 21 to 23. Ileal tissue was collected at day 23. IL-4, TGF-β, IFN-γ, and OVA-specific IgE levels were measured using ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U test, with significance at p< 0.05.

The results showed that median IL-4 levels in the treatment group were lower than in the control group, a difference that was highly statistically significant (540.05 vs. 753.21 ng/L; p=0.001), as were OVA-specific IgE levels (88.65 vs. 119.33 IU/mL; p=0.001). Conversely, median TGF-β and IFN-γ levels were higher in the treatment group than in the control group, a difference that was highly statistically significant (1745.56 vs. 1446.85 ng/L; p=0.001) and (2576.75 vs. 2134.37 ng/L; p=0.001).

The conclusion of this study is that administration of the probiotic L. rhamnosus SKG34 to Mus musculus BALB/c mice (an allergic model) resulted in lower levels of IL-4 and OVA-specific IgE compared to controls, while TGF-β and IFN-γ levels were higher compared to controls. Keywords: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus SKG34; IL-4; TGF-β; IFN-γ; ovalbumin-specific IgE; allergy; Mus musculus BALB/c

This examination was led by the Vice Dean for General Affairs and Finance, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Prof. Dr. dr. I Made Muliarta, M.Kes., with the following examiners:

1. Prof. Dr. dr. Komang Januartha Putra Pinatih, M.Kes (Promoter)

2. Prof. Ir. I Nengah Sujaya, M.Agr.Sc., Ph.D. (Co-Promoter I)

3. Prof. Dr. dr. Desak Made Wihandani, M.Kes (Co-Promoter II)

4. Prof. Dr. dr. I Made Jawi, M.Kes

5. Prof. Dr. dr. I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa, M.Si

6. Prof. drh. I Nyoman Mantik Astawa, Ph.D

7. Prof. Dr. Ir. Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba, M.Phil

8. Prof. Dr. Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati, Sp.MK(K)., Ph.D

9. Dr. dr. Dyah Kanya Wati, Sp.A(K)

10. Dr. dr. I Gusti Ayu Eka Pratiwi, M.Kes., Sp.A, Subsp.NPM(K)

By academic invitation:

1. Dr. dr. I Gusti Putu Hendra Sanjaya, Sp.B., Sp.BP-RE., Subsp.LBL(K)

2. Dr. dr. Ketut Dewi Kumara Wati, Sp.A(K)

3. Dr. dr. I Nyoman Wande, S.Ked., Sp.PK(K)

4. Dr. dr. Dewi Sutriani Mahalini, Sp.A(K)

5. Dr. dr. I Nyoman Budi Hartawan, M.Sc., Sp.A, Subsp.ETIA(K)

During this exam, Dr. dr. Komang Ayu Witarini, Sp.A., SubSp.AIR(K) ., was declared the 477th graduate of the Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, with a Very Satisfactory Grade.

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